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Cognitive-cultural economy or cognitive-cultural capitalism is represented by sectors such as high-technology industry, business and financial services, personal services, the media, the cultural industries. It is characterized by digital technologies combined with high levels of cognitive and cultural labor. The concept has been associated with 'post-Fordism', the 'knowledge economy', the 'new economy' and highly flexible labor markets. As Fordist mass production began to wane after the mid to late 1970s in advanced capitalist countries, a more flexible system of productive activity began to take its place. The concept of cognitive-cultural capitalism has developed as a response to the insufficiency of the interpretations of this transition from a Fordist to a post-Fordist model of "flexible accumulation.〔Vercellone, C. 2007. (From Formal Subsumption to General Intellect: Elements for a Marxist Reading of the Thesis of Cognitive Capitalism ). ''Historical Materialism'' 15 13–36.〕 Early empirical studies of this new system were published in the 1980s on the basis of case-study materials focused mainly on high-technology industrial districts in the United States (Silicon Valley, Orange County, Boston's Route 128, etc.—see Saxenian) and revived craft industries in the north-east and center of Italy (the so-called Third Italy 〔See Bagnasco, A. 1977. ''Tre Italie: la Problematica Territoriale dello Sviluppo Italiano''. Bolgna: Il Mulino. Becattini, G., ed. 1987. ''Mercato e forze locali: il distretto industriale''. Bologna: Il Mulino. Garofoli, G. 1987. Il modello territoriale di sviluppo degli anni '70-'80. Note Economiche 1:156-176.〕). Over the following decades, considerable empirical and theoretical advances were made on the basis of studies of the new cultural economy (fashion, film, electronic games, publishing, etc.). Levy and Murnane in ''The New Division of Labor'' 〔Frank Levy & Richard J. Murnane (2004). ''The New Division of Labor''. (Chapter 1. New Divisions of Labor )〕 highlight the replacement of standardized machinery in the American production system by digital technologies that not only act as a substitute for routine labor, but that also complement and enhance the intellectual and affective assets of the labor force. These technologies underpinned an enormous expansion of the technology-intensive, service, financial, craft, and cultural industries that became the heart of the cognitive-cultural economy. == See also == *General intellect *Postfordism *Operaismo *Regulation school *High-technology industry *Creative economy *Purple economy *Creative industries *Financial services 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cognitive-cultural economy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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